Amos Kipruto was born on 16 September 1992 in Kenya and trains in the Kapsabet area of Nandi County under Italian coach Claudio Berardelli. The Berardelli group has produced multiple elite marathon runners, including Benson Kipruto and Evans Chebet.
Kipruto made his marathon debut at the 2016 Rome Marathon, winning in 2:08:12. He built steadily through the late 2010s, reaching the podium at both Berlin and Tokyo before breaking through for his first Abbott World Marathon Major win at the 2022 London Marathon in 2:04:39. He placed second at the 2022 Tokyo Marathon in 2:03:13, finishing behind Eliud Kipchoge, in what remains his personal best.
He won the 2025 Haspa Marathon Hamburg in 2:03:46, setting the Hamburg course record and becoming the first man to break 2:04 in that race. He also won bronze in the marathon at the 2019 World Athletics Championships in Doha. His half marathon personal best of 1:00:24 was set in Gothenburg in 2017.